Impact of Globalization on Corporate Entrepreneurship In Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry.
ABSTRACT
Impact of Globalization on Corporate Entrepreneurship in Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry.
The study set out to accomplish the following objectives which were to: determine if corporate entrepreneurship policy was changed as a result of globalization; investigate the extent to which multinational corporations complied with the Nigerian content laws and regulations.
Find out the impact of globalization on national economy; evaluate the extent of engaging Nigerians in managerial positions and; determine the extent multinational corporations have been socially responsible to their host communities,
The study used a survey design; and simple random sampling technique to select the four firms in the industry. A sample size of 270 respondents was used. Some of the respondents were interviewed. The main instrument for primary data collection was the questionnaire, structured in five-point Likert scale.
The secondary data were sourced from relevant journals, seminars and workshop papers, magazines, news-papers, unpublished materials (theses, dissertations, etc). Monographs, books and internet. The instrument was checked for reliability using the test re- test method.
The reliability co-efficient was 0.99. The data were presented and analyzed using quantitative method such as frequency distribution tables. The test of hypotheses was done using Chi-Square and T-test. The findings indicate that: Parent enterprises were indifferent to impact of globalization on Corporate.
Entrepreneurship policy; multinational corporations did not comply with the Nigerian Content Laws and regulations; globalization did not impact significantly on national economy; multinational corporations have employed Nigerians in managers and they have not significantly been socially responsible.
Based on these findings these recommendations were made that: parent enterprises positively change corporate entrepreneurship policy; multinational corporations comply strictly with the Nigerian Content Act 2010; build their own oil refineries in Nigeria; engage technically proficient Nigerians; and strictly observe the global injunction of being socially responsible.
The ensuing harmony between Nigeria and MNCs should leverage her into global status in production and sale for profit.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page – – – – – – – – i
Approval Page – – – – – – – – ii
Certification Page – – – – – – – – iii
Dedication – – – – – – – – – iv
Acknowledgements – – – – – – v
Abstract – – – – – – – – – vi
Table of Contents – – – – – – – – vii
List of Tables – – – – – – – – ix
List of Figures – – – – – – – – x
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study – – – – – 1
1.2 Statement of Problem – – – – – 7
1.3 Objectives of the Study – – – – – 9
1.4 Research Questions – – – – – 10
1.5 Research Hypotheses – – – – – – 10
1.6 Significance of the Study – – – – – 11
1.7 Scope of the Study – – – – – – 12
1.8 Limitations of the Study – – – – – – 13
1.9 Operational Definition of Terms – – – – 14
References – – – – – – – 16
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.0 Introduction – – – – – – – 19
2.1 Theoretical Framework – – – – – 19
2.2 Globalization and its Relevant Aspects – – – 30
2.3 Agents of Globalization – – – – – – 48
2.4 Models of Globalization – – – – – – 60
2.5 Nigerian Development Since 1960 – – – – 61
2.6 Domestication of Multinational Corporations in Foreign Countries- – – 66
2.7 Corporate Entrepreneurs in Multinational Corporations in Nigerian Oil and Gas industry – – – – – – 68
2.8 Pertinent Nigerian Laws and Regulations in Oil and Gas industry- – – 76
2.9 Corporate Social Responsibility in Host Communities – 78
2.10 Nigerian Liquefied Natural Gas – – – – – 85
Summary of Review of the Related Literature – – 87
References – – – – – – – – 89
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.0 Introduction – – – – – – – 96
3.1 Research Design – – – – – – – 96
3.2 Sources of Data – – – – – – – 97
3.3 The Population of the Study – – – – – 97
3.4 Sample Size Determination – – – – – 98
3.5 Description of Research Instrument – – – – 98
3.6 Method of Data Analysis – – – – – – 99
3.7 Reliability of Research Instrument – – – – 99
3.8 Validity of the Research Instrument – – – – 100
References – – – – – – – – 102
CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.0 Introduction – – – – – – – 103
4.1 Questionnaire Distribution – – – – – 103
4.2 Testing of Hypotheses – – – – – – 109
4.3 Discussion of Findings – – – – – – 127
References – – – – – – – – 148
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY OF MAJOR FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.0 Introduction – – – – – – – 149
5.1 Summary of Major Findings – – – – – 149
5.2 Conclusion – – – – – – – – 150
5.3 Recommendations – – – – – – – 151
5.4 Contribution to Knowledge – – – – – 154
5.6 Area for Further Research – – – – – 155
Bibliography – – – – – – – – 156
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Economic globalization is an expanding phenomenon that is fast reshaping and integrating the world into a global village.
Observably, the world is witnessing an irresistible thrust for close proximity, unprecedented interdependence and social and cultural linkages among the various economies of the world (House 2004:1).
The world-system theory claims that globalization has been completed in the twentieth century. This was the time when the capitalist world system spread across the globe: it further claims that globalization does not constitute a new phenomenon.
Its impact was partial because the communist regimes and the newly independent states challenged the West. In fact the world was divided between the West and the East. But economic globalization is the dominant phenomenon in the world today.
Tores (2001:8), defines globalization as a concept by which the whole world for the purpose of trade and commerce is treated as a sovereign political entity.
Here trade and commerce refer to numerous opportunities, unfettered access to the world market, and capital flow across the globe and sourcing for cheap quality resources.
They belong to the realm of economies. In this sense, Riley (2005:9) defines economic globalization as the process of increasing economic integration between two countries, leading to the emergence of a global marketplace or a single world market.
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